Law is a set of rules that govern behavior and are enforced by governmental or social institutions. The exact definition of law has long been a subject of debate, but the basic premise remains the same: it is a system of rules governing human conduct. Some have called it a science while others call it “the art of justice.”
Rule of Law
The rule of law is a political philosophy in which all citizens, institutions, leaders, and lawmakers are accountable to the same laws. In a democracy, citizens can demand that their elected representatives follow the laws, and politicians are held to account for their actions.
Legislation
Law is a body of norms that govern the conduct of individuals in society. It shapes economics, society, and politics. In addition, law acts as a mediator between individuals. Its goal is to protect people from abuses of power.
Customary law
Traditional customary law was developed in the Middle Ages and was a precursor to modern civil law. It was composed of local customs and case law and later codified by local jurists. The resulting laws gained legal force as they became the undisputed norms. Examples of these laws include Bracton’s De Legibus etudinibus Angliae and many fueros in Spain.
Environmental law
Environmental law deals with the preservation of the environment and promotes sustainable development. It has three major focuses: prevention, treatment, and mitigation. Prevention is concerned with the need to conserve resources and ensure the health of the human population. Mitigation focuses on ensuring that human activities do not negatively impact the environment.
Immigration law
Immigration law outlines the rules and regulations of the federal government governing who can enter and stay in the country. The law also governs deportation and naturalization procedures for U.S. citizens and foreign nationals with certain skills. This area of law is constantly evolving.
Transactional law
Transactional law is the area of private law that focuses on transactions involving money, business, and commerce. It includes areas such as contract drafting, intellectual property affairs, and real estate acquisition.